Prehistory of Humanity:
A long long time ago... there was a species not yet man, but may have began the evolution of humaity. The species known as homo habilis lived from about 2.3 to 1.6 million year ago. Shortly after this homo habilis lived a newer species called homo erectus which became widespread from about 2 to 0.4 million year ago. Then from 500 to 200 thousand years ago Homo Sapiens branched off from the homo erectus species and started becomming more and more evolved. About 30 years after Homo Sapiens became the neandertalensis which lived from 230 to 30 thousand years ago. The neanderthal was more evolved and had the knowledge to use mousterian tools. Last but not least was the evolution on homo sapiens sapiens also known as the modern form of "man" became around 120 thousand years ago.
A long long time ago... there was a species not yet man, but may have began the evolution of humaity. The species known as homo habilis lived from about 2.3 to 1.6 million year ago. Shortly after this homo habilis lived a newer species called homo erectus which became widespread from about 2 to 0.4 million year ago. Then from 500 to 200 thousand years ago Homo Sapiens branched off from the homo erectus species and started becomming more and more evolved. About 30 years after Homo Sapiens became the neandertalensis which lived from 230 to 30 thousand years ago. The neanderthal was more evolved and had the knowledge to use mousterian tools. Last but not least was the evolution on homo sapiens sapiens also known as the modern form of "man" became around 120 thousand years ago.
- During Eurasia time people began living in warmer climates such as Africa and Asia, and as people began to move north with development.
- 45-35,000 years ago: Ice covered north, Humans spread from Africa up through Europe.
- Deglaciation begins 17 kya.
- Ca.15 kya. Siberia and far East widely populated with peoples of several distinct cultures
- People beginning to move into North America
- 3 to 4 “waves” of people at different times
People of the Circumpolar World
First people in southern Siberia Altai and Sayan mountains:
First people in southern Siberia Altai and Sayan mountains:
- Angara region
- Amur River system
Pleistocene Epoch: 1.806 mya-5,000 years to 11,430 years ago to 103 years ago - Upper pleistonce: 130-11 kya
- Lower Palaeolithic (old stone age): ends roughly 126 kya Middle Palaeolithic 126 to 40 kya
- Upper Paleolithic: 42 to ll kya
- early: 42-30 kya
- middle: 26-19 kya
- late: 17-11 kya
- Middle Palaeolithic: 130 to 70 kya: several well-dated sites establish presence of middle Palaeolithic hominids in southern Siberia
- Early Upper Paleolithic:42-30 kya: represents the spread of anatomically modern humans into Siberia
- Populations don’t go beyond 55 degrees north
- Tools are a lot more advanced from middle palaeolithic period
- Middle upper Palaeolithic: 30-19 kya: represent successful adaptation to emerging mammoth steppe
- Large base camps connected to smaller activity-specific camps and resource extraction or kill sites
- Possible continued ties between Siberia and Western Eurasia
- Successfully colonized Sub-arctic Siberia as far as 60 degrees latitude and possible further.
- Middle Upper Palaeolithic:
tools: Palaeolithic style
Semi-subterranean dwellings made of Mammoth bone walls,Caribou antler roofs, and hide coverings, mosses.
- Skin tents
- Skin/fur clothing
- Carved artwork
- Upper Palaeolithic: 17 to 11 kya
- Higher mobility than prevailed during earlier phases of the upper Palaeolithic
- Characterised by wedge-shaped core and microblade technologies
- Earliest microblade sites in Baikal region (18 kya)
- Single mammal species dominate faunal assemblages (bison, reindeer, horse)
- Small game but no fish until about 12 kya
- Mesolithic (middle Stone Age):
- More sophisticated technologies (micro blade) ca. 20,000 BCE (22kya)
